In this study, probiotic facultative anaerobe Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) was functionalized and formed self-propelled microrobots to actively deliver therapeutic drug and photosensitizer to the deep hypoxic regions of tumors.
Probiotic bacteria like E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), Lactobacillus species, Streptococcus species, and Bifidobacterium species work to boost the immune system either individually or in combination with other probiotic strains. Probiotics biofilm presence in a healthy gut promotes nutrient exchange between the host and microbiota, and it increases . 476 452 194 377 33 159 491 43